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मूलम्
तमुवाच हृषीकेशः प्रहसन्निव भारत |
सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये विषीदन्तमिदं वचः ||२-१०||
Meaning
शब्दार्थाः (Word for word)
तम् -- to him;
उवाच -- said;
हृषीकेशः -- Hrishikesha (the lord of the senses, Krishna);
प्रहसन् -- laughing;
इव -- as if;
भारत -- O scion of the Bharata clan! (Dhritarashtra);
सेनयोः -- of the two armies;
उभयोः -- of both;
मध्ये -- in the middle;
विषीदन्तम् -- grieving;
इदम् -- this;
वचः -- word(s)
अन्वयः (Word order)
भारत! उभयोः सेनयोः मध्ये विषीदन्तं तं प्रहसन् इव हृषीकेषः इदं वचः उवाच ।
अनुवादः (Translation)
" O scion of the Bharata clan (Dhritarashtra)! Hrishikesha, as if smiling, spoke the following words to him who was grieving in the middle of both the armies."
Notes
Bhagavad Ramanuja and Swami Ramsukhdasji say that Arjuna is mistaking dharma for adharma due to misplaced affection and compassion. (BRam quotes गीतार्थसङ्ग्रहः ५ here).
BRam further says that Krishna gives a discourse on अध्यात्मशास्त्र realizing that Arjuna's delusion will not subside without:
- knowledge about the true nature of the self, and
- the understanding that fighting without hankering for the fruits is a means for realizing the self.
Practice Notes
anand — 27 May 2009, 12:31
Does anyone mention why the usage of प्रहसन् इव
mani — 27 May 2009, 15:02
I think because Bhagavān knows the Truth and finds it amusing, as a parent sometimes finds his child's frustrations.
BRam implies that Krishna smiles because Arjuna's talking about धर्म etc as if he understands the true nature of body and self and is at the same time is grieving because of being deluded about their true nature.
RSDji gives two reasons for Krishna's साभिप्राय smile:
a) The drastic turnaround in Arjuna who was all eager to fight earlier and is completely refusing to fight now. Sri Krishna Premi gives this interpretation too and adds that Krishna is smiling because he himself had caused this confusion.
b) The strange शरणागति of Arjuna where he says he is a प्रपन्न and yet makes an adamant decision exactly opposite to what Krishna says.
In a lecture, Sri Krishna Premi also gave several other reasons (about 5-6). I remember a couple, in particular:
1) Since the guru should not get flustered along with the disciple, Krishna smiled to indicate that he indeed had a solution.
2) Arjuna's way of asking for instruction made Krishna smile. Arjuna was sitting on the chariot while Krishna was below, near the horses.
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