how could such a raama do that - post 3
From the Bhakti List Archives
• March 17, 2003
Post 3
Dear sree vaishNava perunthagaiyeer,
In post 1 and 2, we saw how sree vaalmeeki maharishi described the guNangaL - various charecteristics of sree raamaa. We had a list of 32 + 29 guNams from 15 slokams. In this post also we will continue the study of raama gunam description by sri vaalmeeki maharishi.
sargam 1 of ayOdhyaa kaaNdam- describing raamaa's guNa nalangaL - or SRSN continued..
[Before I take up elaboration in the sloka 20 covered in post 2, just I want to add, there is a paada bEdham in this slokam - sarva vidhyaa also as samyag vidhyaa].
Dharma kaama arthha thathvajna: smruthimaan prathiBhaanavaan |
loukikE samaya aachaarE krutha kalpO visaaradha: || 2-1-22
Dharma kaama arthha thathvajna: = one who knew the real form of desire, wealth and righteousness,
smruthimaan = one who had a good power of memory,
prathiBhaanavaan = one who had a spontaneous wisdom to respond,
visaaradha: = one who had the skill,
krutha kalpa: = one who had created arrangement of,
samaya aachaarE = customs useful at that time,
loukikE = for the society.
Meaning: Rama knew the real form of desire, wealth and righteousness. He had a good memory power. He had a spontaneous wisdom. He had skills in arranging customs useful to society prevalent at that time.
niBhrutha: samvruthaakaarO guptha manthra: sahaayavaan |
amOgha krODha harshascha thyaaga samyama kaalavith || 2-1-23
niBhrutha: = Humble man,
samvruthaakaara: = Had an enclosed form,
guptha manthra: = kept thoughts to himself,
sahaayavaan = helped others,
amOgha krODha harshascha = unwasteful anger and pleasure,
thyaaga samyama kaalavith = knew the timing of giving and non-giving.
Meaning: Rama was humble. He did not let his feelings appear outwardly. He kept his thoughts to himself. He helped others. His anger and pleasure were not wasteful. He knew when to give and when not to give.
dhruDa Bhakthi: sthhira prajnO naasadhgraahee na dhurvachaa: |
nisthandhreer apramaththascha sva dhOsha para dhOshavith || 2-1-24
dhruDa Bhakthi = had a firm devotion,
sthhira prajna: = had a steadfast mind,
aasadhgraahee = was not stubborn,
na dhurvachaa: = not speaking evil words,
nisthandhree: = had no idleness,
apramaththa: = was alert,
svadhOsha para dhOsha vith = recognised his own errors and those of others.
Meaning: Raama had a firm devotion to god, had a steadfast mind. Raama was not stubborn, and was not speaking evil words. He was not idle, was always alert, recognised his own errors and those of others.
saasthrajnascha kruthajnascha purushaanthara kOvidha: |
ya: pragraha anugrahayOr yathaa nyaayam vichakshaNa: || 2-1-25
shaasthrajna: + cha = Knower of sciences,
kruthajna: + cha = knew their practice, knew gratitude
purusha anthara kOvidha: = understood differences among men,
yathaa nyaayam = as per justice,
vichakshaNa: = discriminator of,
pragraha anugrahayO: = punishment and protection.
Meaning: Rama knew the theory and practice of sciences. He understood the differences among men. He could judiciously discriminate whom to protect and whom to punish.
sathsangraha anugrahaNE sthaanavin nigrahasya cha |
aayakarmaNi upaayajna: sandhrushta vyaya karmavith || 2-1-26
sathsangraha anugrahaNE = identifying the good and protecting them,
sthaanavith = knew the people,
nigrahasya cha = to be reprimanded,
upaayajna: = knew the ways and means of,
aaya karmaNi = getting income,
sandhrushta vyaya karmavith = knew the system of spending as mentioned in sastra.
Meaning: Raama was very good in identifying the good people and protecting them. He knew the people who deserve to be reprimanded. He knew the ways and means of getting income, knew the system of spending as mentioned in saasthra.
sraishtyam cha asthra samoohEshu praapthO vyaamisrakEshu cha |
arthha Dharmou cha sangruhya sukha thanthrO na cha alasa: || 2-1-27
praaptha: = obtained,
sraishtyam = great skill,
asthra samoohEshu = in groups of archery and war sciences,
vyaamisrakEshu cha = and in their subsidaries,
sukha thanthra: = interested in enjoying comforts,
sangruhya = after understanding,
arthha Dharmou = economic realities,
na alasa: = was not idleman.
Meaning: Rama could obtain great skill in the groups of war sciences along with their subsidiaries. He was interested in enjoying comforts only after understanding the economic realities. He was not an idle man.
vaihaarikaaNaam silpaaNaam vijnaatha arthha viBhaaga vith |
aarOhE vinayE chaiva yukthO vaaraNa vaajinaam || 2-1-28
vijnaathaa = acquainted with,
silpaaNaam = fine arts,
vaihaarikaaNaam = useful in entertainment,
arthha viBhaaga vith = knew how to distribute wealth,
yuktha: = efficient in,
aarOhE = in riding,
vinayE = in taming,
vaaraNa vaajinaam = elephants and horses.
Meaning: Rama was acquainted with the fine arts useful for entertainment. He knew how to distribute the wealth. He was efficient in riding and taming of elephants and horses.
Dhanur vEdha vidhaam srEshtO lOkE~thirathha sammatha: |
aBhiyaathaa praharthaa cha sEnaa naya visaaradha: || 2-1-29
srEshta:= best of persons,
Dhanur vEdha vidhaam = knowing the science of archery,
athi rathha sammatha: = appreciated by the champions of archery,
sEnaa naya visaaradha: = Attained skills in moving the army properly,
aBhiyaathaa = facing the enemies,
praharthaa cha = (He) used to kill them.
Meaning: -Rama was the best of persons knowing the science of archery in the world, and was well appreciated by the champions of archery. He attained skills in marshalling the army. He faced and killed the enemies in battle.
apradhrushyascha sangraamE krudhDhair api suraa surai: |
anasooyO jithakrODhO na dhrupthO na cha mathsaree || 2-1-30
krudhDhai: = enraged,
sura asurair api = even by suras and asuras,
apradhrushya: = (He) could not be defeated,
sangraamE = in battle,
anasooya: = had no jealousy,
jitha krODha: = conquered anger,
na dhruptha: = had no arrogance,
na maathsaree cha = had no envy,
Meaning: Even enraged devas and rakshasas cannot defeat Rama in battle. He had no jealousy. He conqured anger. He had no arrogance and envy.
naavajnEyascha Bhoothaanaam na cha kaala vasa anuga: |
Evam sreshtair guNair yuktha: prajaanaam paarthiva aathmaja: || 2-1-31
paarthiva aathmaja: = prince Rama,
na avajnEyascha = not humiliated or fooled,
Bhoothaanaam = living beings,
na kaala vasa anuga: = had not surrendered to time.
Evam srEshta guNai: = with these good virtues,
yuktha: = fair,
prajaanaam = to the people,
meaning: He had not humiliated any living being. He had not surrendered to time. That Prince Rama, with these good virtues, was fair to the people.
sammathas thrishu lOkEshu vasuDhaayaa: kshamaa guNai: |
budhDhyaa bruhaspathEsthulyO veeryENaapi sacheepathE: || 2-1-32
sammatha: = was agreeable,
trishu lOkEshu = to the three worlds,
kshamaa guNai: = virtue of forgiveness,
vasuDhaayaa: = (comparable) to the earth,
budhDhyaa = By wisdom,
bruhaspathE = to brihaspathi,
veeryENa = by valour,
sacheepathE = to devendra,
thulya: = (He was) equal.
Meaning: He was agreeable to the three worlds. By patience and the related virtues, he was equal to earth, by wisdom to Brihaspathi and by valour to Devendra.
thathaa sarva prajaa kaanthai: preethi sanjananai: pithu: |
guNair viruruchE raamO dheeptha: soorya iva amsuBhi: || 2-1-33
raama: = Rama,
guNai: = by virtues,
sarva prajaakaanthai: = which are enlightening to all the people,
preethi sanjananai: = which are source of liking,
pithu: = to his father,
viruruchE = was shining,
soorya iva = like the sun,
deeptha: = shining,
amsuBhi: = by the rays.
Meaning: Rama, by his virtues, was a source of happiness to all the people and a spring of joy to his father. As the sun shines with his rays, Rama was shining, thus, with his virtues.
tham Evam vratha sampannam apradhrushya paraakramam |
lOka paala upamam naathham akaamayatha mEdhinee | 2-1-34
mEdhinee = the Earth,
akaamayatha = wished,
tham = Rama,
naathham = (to be) the lord,
Evam vratha sampannam = as he was adorned with disciplined life,
apradhrushhya paraakramam = having undefeatable valour,
lOka paala upamam = equal to the universal lords like Indra.
Meaning: The earth wished Rama to be her Lord, as he was adorned with self control, and norms of behaviour, bearing undefeatable valour equal to the universal lords like Indra.
Now to list out the guNams
1. Dharma kaama arthha thathvajna: = one who knew the real form of desire, wealth and righteousness,
2. smruthimaan = one who had a good power of memory,
3. prathiBhaanavaan = one who had a spontaneous wisdom to respond
4. visaaradha: = one who had skill,
5. loukikE samaya aachaarE krutha kalpa: = one who had created arrangement of customs useful at that time for the society.
6. niBhrutha: = humble man,
7. samvrutha aakaara: = had an enclosed form of mind,
8. guptha manthra: = kept thoughts to himself,
9. sahaayavaan = helped others,
10. amOgha: = never wastes energy
11. amOgha krODha: = man of unwasteful anger
12. amOgha harsha: = man of unwasteful pleasure,
13. thyaaga samyama kaalavith = who knew the timing of giving and non-giving.
14. dhruDa Bhaktha: = who had a firm devotion,
15. sthhira prajna: = who had steadfast mind,
16. aasadhgraahee = who is not stubborn,
17. na dhurvachaa: = who is not speaking evil words,
18. nisthandhree: = who has no idleness,
19. apramaththa: = alert,
20. svadhOsha para dhOsha vith = recognised his own errors and those of others.
21. saasthrajna: = Knower of sciences [saasthraas],
22. kruthajna: = knew gratitude,
23. purusha anthara kOvidha: = understood differences among men,
24. yathaa nyaayam pragraha anugrahayO: vichakshaNa: = as per justice, the discriminator of punishment and protection.
25. sathsangraha anugrahaNE sthaanavith = knew the people in identifying the good and protecting them,
26. nigrahasya sthaanavith = people to be reprimanded,
27. aaya karmaNi upaayajna: = knew the ways and means of getting income,
28. sandhrushta vyaya karmavith = knew the system of spending as mentioned in sastra.
29. asthra samoohEshu sraishtyam vyaamisrakEshu cha praaptha: = obtained great skill in groups of archery & related sciences, and in their subsidaries,
30. arthha Dharmou sangruhya sukhathanthra: = Interested in enjoying comforts after understanding, economic realities,
31. na alasa: = not idle man.
32. silpaaNaam vaihaarikaaNaam vijnaathaa = acquainted with fine arts useful in entertainment,
33. arthha viBhaaga vith = knew how to distribute wealth,
34. vaaraNa vaajinaam aarOhE vinayE yuktha: = efficient in in riding, in taming elephants and horses.
35. dhanur vEdha vidhaam srEshta:= best of persons knowing the science of archery,
36. athi rathha sammatha: = appreciated by the champions of archery,
37. sEnaa naya visaaradha: = Attained skills in moving the army properly,
38. aBhiyaathaa visaaradha: = facing the enemies,
39. praharthaa visaaradha: cha = (He) used to kill them.
40. krudhDhai: sura asurair api sangraamE apradhrushya: = even by enraged suras and asuras also raama could not be defeated in battle,
41. anasooya: = had no jealousy,
42. jitha krODha: = conquered anger,
43. na dhruptha: = had no arrogance,
44. na maathsaree cha = had no envy.
45. Bhoothaanaam na avajnEya: = had not humiliated or fooled people,
46. na kaala vasa anuga: = had not surrendered to time.
47. prajaanaam yuktha: = fair to the people,
48. vasuDhaayaa: kshamaa guNai: trishu lOkEshu sammatha: = was agreeable to the three worlds by virtue of forgiveness which is comparable to the earth,
49. bruhaspathE thulya: budhDhyaa = by wisdom he was equal to brihaspathi,
50. veeryENa sacheepathE thulya: = he was equal by valour to devendra,
51. guNai: preethi samjananai: sarva prajaakaantai: viruruchE = he was shining by virtues which are enlightening to all the people and the source of their liking
52. pithu: soorya iva amsuBhi: deeptha: viruruchE = raama was shining like the sun by the rays to his father.
53. mEdhinee naathham akaamayatha = the Earth wished him to be the her lord
54. vratha sampannam = was adorned with disciplined life,
55. apradhrushhya paraakrama: = has undefeatable valour,
56. lOka paala upamam = equal to the universal lords like Indra.
With this how maharishi vaalmeeki described raama in this sargam ends.
In next post we will continue with how king dhasaratha described his son raamaa before coronation.
Dhasan
Vasudevan m.g.
Ps: pardon me for the a little more length in this post. Also there are likely to be some repeats. That is as in original slokams.
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